Hector Hugh Munro - Tea Analysis - 1793 Words

The text under analysis is written by Hector Hugh Munro, better known by the pen name Saki, was a British writer, whose witty and sometimes macabre[] stories satirized Edwardian [] society and culture. He is considered to be a master of the short story and is often compared to O. Henry and Dorothy Parker. In this story we learn about a young man James Cushat-Prinkly. He decides to marry and his relatives approve this idea. They find marriageable girl named Joan Sebastable. However, he marries another girl, whose name is Rhoda Ellam. The text is written in 3rd person narration. There are both types of sentences – simple and composite. Composite are used to show that the story is about people from high society. And shorts are used when the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The weight of public opinion† which is a metonymy shows again that he hasn`t got any initiative. â€Å"A clear working majority† is a periphrasis too that shows us that even he is grown up he still can`t take the decisions. After the future wife for James was chosen, marriage is started to be called so – â€Å"to whom he might propose marriage†. It means that there are no excuses for avoiding it as the choice is already taken. James is really afraid of ordinary way of life. We can see it here: â€Å"the prescribed stages of congratulations, present-receiving, Norwegian or Mediterranean hotels, and eventual domesticity.† It is the chronological order for life stages and he doesn`t like it at all.  "It was necessary however to ask the lady what she thought about the matter† – through irony the author shows us that the question of marriage for James was like some business and also it seemed to him to be the solved problem. â€Å"Individual effort† which is a metonymy accentuate one more time on his lack of initiative. It says that now he has to do something. â€Å"As the thing was going to be done he was glad to feel that he was going to get it settled and off his mind that afternoon.† Again we come across periphrasis. Now thing means proposal. However, later he calls it by its name because submits it – â€Å"Proposing marriage, even to a nice girl like Joan, was a rather irksome business†. He calls marriage and proposing it irksome business so he has some business-like attitude to it.

Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, And Buddhism - 966 Words

Religion is a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe. In today’s society there are many religious lifestyles people stand by. Popular ones consist of Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism. When looking at Christianity and Buddhism it is easy to identify some major differences. For instance, both the religions were started and founded by different people and in dissimilar ways. A second one would be what they believe in; number of deities, and what they base their knowledge around. A final difference between the two would be how they practice their religion and worship their â€Å"God.† Between the two religions they both had a different start. Buddhism started when Siddhartha Gautama, who previously lived a rich and luxurious lifestyle, decided to make a change in his life. He wanted to be able to feel pain and suffering that was felt all around the world by everyone else. After being able to find it, he decided to try and find a cure for it through meditation. Siddhartha Gautama, otherwise known as Buddha created the â€Å"Four Noble Truths,† as well as the â€Å"Eightfold Path† to help people live a peaceful life. Buddhism was modified later on to create three main versions of the religion which are Theravada, also known as the â€Å"Way of the Elders† or the â€Å"Small Vehicle.† Mahayana Buddhism, which was called the â€Å"Great Vehicle† and finally Tibetan Buddhism which also goes by the â€Å"Diamond Vehicle.† Yet Christianity formed in a different way,Show MoreRelatedChristianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, And Judaism1644 Words   |  7 Pages The following religions Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism are among the top religions when evaluating the number of followers they encompass worldwide (Henderson, 2005, p.1). Through assessing these major belief systems and their views, diversity between them is apparent. These multiplicities range from Hindus who acknowledge multitudes of gods to Muslims who believe in one God, Allah. Although the variety of beliefs and practices exist their remains some central concepts suchRead MoreChristianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, And Confucianism1472 Words   |  6 Pagesspectrum of meanings, ranging from â€Å"kind of similar if you look at it in the right fashion†, to â€Å"exactly alike†. In any case, there are many examples, and counterexamples of universal ideas between the â€Å"main† seven religions: Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism, which will be explored in the remainder of this es say. Arguments could be made on how all religions share a similarity. For example, all religions were persecuted by outsiders at some point. PerhapsRead MoreWorld Religion: Christianity the Most Widespread Religion in The World1473 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the world. The six world religions are Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Many of these religions are monotheistic, which is the belief of only one god or one higher power. There are also polytheistic believers, which is the belief in many or more than one god. These six world religions have a lot in common and they also have their differences that make their certain religion or belief special to them. Christianity is the most widespread religion in the worldRead MoreChristianity And Buddhism And Christianity1468 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity and Buddhism exist as two of the predominant religions throughout the world. While Buddhism ranks around fifth in number of followers of religions, it is the third most widespread religion behind Christianity and Islam. Buddhism and Christianity are arrantly distinct in their principle standpoints: Buddhism rejects the existence of a greater being and Christianity proudly professes the power of a universal God. However, despite this rigid dissimilarity, both religions developed and spreadRead MoreHinduism And The Middle East894 Words   |  4 Pagesthat are practiced in the world today. Hinduism developed first, then Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and finally Islam. Hinduism and Buddhism are considered Eastern religions while Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are considered Western. Both Eastern religions began in India, although Buddhi sm later moved out. The Western religions each developed, at different times, in the same general geographical and cultural setting of West Asia: Judaism and Christianity, in and around the area now known as IsraelRead MoreClassification of Religions1509 Words   |  7 Pagesexistence of one and only one GOD. The main three Abrahamic religions are: * Judaism * Christianity * Islam JUDISM Judaism is among the worlds oldest monotheistic religions and the first of the three Abraham religions. Around 12 million people in the world believe in Judaism. They are mostly in the United States and Israel. The Torah, or Hebrew Bible, is the most important holy book of Judaism. The primary custom of Judaism is practicing prayer, preferably communal prayer. Jews attend synagoguesRead More Appreciating other Religions Essay684 Words   |  3 Pagesreligious beliefs and practices. Morals and ethics allow one to make a knowledgeable and responsible decision. One’s religious and spiritual beliefs shapes and molds the mind, body, and spirit of the person. One would think that Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism have nothing in common, but in some ways they are. Generally, there are also differences between the five. Actually they are not so much a religion as a religion-social system. All religions share common goals and two main onesRead MoreFeminine Divine Traits : Buddhism And Christianity1737 Words   |  7 Pages 1. Feminine divine traits – Buddhism/Christianity Whether it is in a polytheistic or a monotheistic religion, the gender of divinity is always a topic given great attention. Although Buddhism doesn’t put much focus on gods in the teaching, it does include certain religious aspects such as praying to the higher beings. The feminine divine traits in Buddhism can be found with a closer examination on the feminine metaphors in the Buddhist scriptures. While Buddhas are predominantly in male formRead MoreBuddhism s Belief Of God1419 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism hope to its adherents is to have a state of life in the afterlife where each individual can find his own way. They identifies their existence as god-like beings, who do not believe in an omnipotent creator God. Each individual discover and walk their own path. Nonetheless, Buddhism is not divine it just points the way to Nirvana. In the Buddhism religion they do not personally believe in God or a divine being. They do not worship, pray, or praise a divine being. Though t he religion doesRead MoreEssay on Five Great World Religions1014 Words   |  5 PagesChristianity Christianity is a universalizing religion, which means that they actively seek converts and no one is ever excluded from this religion. This made it so the religion was able to reach out to the lower class families. Christianity is split into two groups. There are the Catholics and the Protestants. Both of these groups use the Holy Bible as their scriptures however they interpret the bible differently. Christians believe in Jesus Christ and that he was the Son of God and he was brought

Catcher in The Rye by J. D. Salinger Free Essays

In the novel Catcher in The Rye, Salinger has employed a very realistic portrayal of teenagers and how they act. There are plenty of characteristic on how he properly conveyed this to the audience and he also spread these characteristics through-out all of the characters that are used within the novel. Firstly, you have Holden; a teenager who is not always the brightest bulb in the cabinet, but he has a clear understanding on how the world works and yet he ironically does not have the brains to execute this knowledge directly into the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Catcher in The Rye by J. D. Salinger or any similar topic only for you Order Now Secondly, you have Stradlater; a teenager who just spends all his time going out with girls and partying. Some might say he is a ‘party animal’. Lastly, you have Ackley; a mostly grotesque teenager who does not listen to social cues, acts profoundly around people actions and his practically obnoxious about everything (not knowing, that is how he is acting though). So, Salinger’s opinion (when it comes to characteristics of a teenager) is that all teenagers are blatantly ignorant everything, that all teenagers think they can just coast their way through life and do not have any respect for the people around us. Holden does not really think about what he is going to say, he just kind of spits everything out. Maybe he is an intelligent boy and all, but how he speaks and what he says proves otherwise. Holden states â€Å"I practically got T.B†¦ I’m pretty healthy, though.† (J.D Salinger, 5) In this sentence he talks about basically having a life threatening disease and then tries to reassure to the reader that he is ‘pretty healthy’, I personally think that in a logical statement he would have said something on the lines of â€Å"I practically got T.B†¦ [I should get that checked out].† (J.D Salinger, 5) While Holden is having a conversation with Mr. Spencer he even acknowledges his own stupidity to himself/the reader through the idea of immaturity. â€Å"I was sixteen then, and I’m seventeen now, and sometimes I act like I’m about thirteen.† (Salinger, 9) It is kind of ironic if you think about it, he does not want to be known as dumb or stupid or an idiot, yet he has the  occasional time when he acts like a thirteen year old. Holden, he understands where his faults are, but he cannot come to a conclusion on how to actually fix them he just carries on with his day as if it does not matter. Holden’s roommate Stradlater thoroughly enjoys going out on Friday night, Saturday night, well every night. To do so, he has to find ways to be able to still do well in school while 0slacking off and shrugging all his work aside and his solution; anyone he can find. At one point Stradlater and Holden (because they are roommates) meet up in their room and Stradlater asks Holden is he can do a big favour for him and if he was planning on going out. Holden replies asking what the favour is and that he did not have plans of any sorts. Afterwards Stradlater asks ‘the big question’, â€Å"I got about a hundred pages to read for history†¦ How ‘bout writing a composition for me†¦?† (Salinger, 28) In this instance he had just initiated a vital opening for Holden to be a friend or to just blow him off, and Holden accepts the offer and says he will do the paper for him. Stradlater had just avoided doing his work for one reason; he wanted to go out that night with a girl. Stradlater is also a guy who knows how to be flattering enough that he can convince people to do things for him, you could look at it as he has it better than everyone else because he is ‘prettier’ than other people. He compliments Holden’s new hat with the term â€Å"sharp† and then almost instantaneously afterwards asks â€Å"Listen. Are ya gonna write that composition for me? I have to know.† (Salinger, 29) Why did he need to know you might ask? Well, if Holden has explicitly said â€Å"no.† to him then Stradlater would have stayed in that night to do it, although Holden says â€Å"If I get the time, I will†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Salinger, 29) Stradlater, using Holden like a boat in the river of life, just expects Holden to float on his way through life, carrying Stradlater along while he is having a party in the boat. Finally, there is Ackley. Now, Ackley has a knack for hanging out in the wrong place for too long. In chapter three, Holden is laying down in his room reading a book and enjoying the feeling of his new hat on the top of his head when, let it be hold that his neighbour Ackley comes strolling over into his room without any true intent on why he is there. Ackley moves  friskily around the room, touching everything he can multiple times while trying to hold a conversation with Holden (who clearly does not want one). â€Å"I’ve read this same sentence about twenty times since you came in.† (Salinger, 20) After stating that Ackley was a disturbance to him, he still did not get the hint and clearly not picking up on the cue to get out of Holden’s room. Later on while Ackley is still occupying the room, Holden says to his self â€Å"I sometimes horse around to keep myself from getting bored.† (Salinger, 21) Once Holden starts to annoy Ackley, trying to make him vacate the room he STILL does not leave. So, clearly Ackley has a problem with following what people are trying to put out to him because he is just plain ignorant about other people and quite frankly himself if you were to take a look at how he manages his outer image. In conclusion, J.D Salinger has made the novel Catcher in The Rye a story that really shows how teenagers act/acted. Salinger also adds his own input on how he thinks teenagers act and/or acted in our time period and the time period at which this novel was written and/or published in through the characters he had created. Three of the main characters; Holden, Stradlater and Ackley are all extremely different which expresses a wide variety of teenager characteristic. Holden symbolizes blatant ignorance for the world around him, Stradlater shows us how un-caring and un-motivated teenagers are when it comes to working on anything and lastly, Ackley describes the lack of respect that we as teenagers have for the people around us. Salinger has made it pretty clear that he believes that teenagers need to change and used this novel to get his point across the world. How to cite Catcher in The Rye by J. D. Salinger, Papers

Eating meat morally permissible free essay sample

It has been argued that meat has high sources of energy, minerals, and proteins in the human diet. It is rich in proteins which have shown to have a high energy unit as compared to other food types. Proponents of meat consumption support its consumption as it has a greater nutritional value and is good to the test buds. Apart from the nutritional reasons, it is also thought meat consumption maintains the ecosystem at equilibrium. If meat consumption was to stop, it is thought that animals like cattle, sheep, goats and poultry will multiply to levels that are ecological disastrous. As most of these animals are herbivorous, their uncontrolled increase would exert extreme pressure on vegetation. This may cause wanton destruction to vegetation that may destabilize the ecosystem. In as much as these arguments appear logical and plausible, they still do not give any moral permissibility of eating meat. Just like any reason in support of unacceptable practice, proponents of eating meat do not give any solid ethical justification why humans should continue killing animals to please their test buds. There is no moral justification whatsoever to rationalize the eating of meat. Meat is said to contain some very essential nutrients that may not be found in plants and vegetable. This is however no moral justification of killing animals to obtain meat yet there are more reliable sources of proteins and vitamins. It appears that human nature is feeding on animals mainly for gustatory pleasure. As there are vegetables and fruits that can adequately supply human beings with the required food nutrients, there is no justification whatsoever for man to continue killing animals as this inflicts pain to animals (Matheny 510). Killing animals also deprives them of their right to life. Most animals are slaughtered at relatively lower ages ending their lives prematurely. The only way mankind would justify eating meat could be for survival. However this may not be an appealing justification as there are plenty of substitutes. It is therefore immoral to continue killing animals for purposes of obtaining meat as if there were no other food alternatives. Animals like cats, horses and dogs are highly valued in most western societies as they provide company to man. It may not be logical to equate these animals to humans but it is fair to believe to believe that they too deserve fair treatment. Pets may not be any different from farm animals that are eventually slaughtered to provide meat. Most experiments with animals like dogs and mice show that these animals are teachable just like man. It is possible that in as much we do not understand so much about what the animals go through. Some pundits have even argued that animals have smaller brains and may not feel as much pain as humans. This is however immaterial as animals have a comprehensive nervous and sensory system that can feel pain. In fact killing animals should be equated to killing some helpless human person as they have similar perceived rationality. Meat consumption has been justified by the biblical declaration that man should have dominion over animals. It is wrong to believe that having dominion means wanton killing to obtain meat. If this is the bible interpretation of dominion, then all adulterous women would have been stoned to death within city centers as the bible instructs. It is also possible for some religious leaders to pick on the parts of their religious books that they like and give them interpretations that fit them. It is not possible that the bible instructs mankind to be slaughtering animals. Primitive man may have started feeding on meat early than historians predict. I might be easy to interpret what they thought of the animals they hunted and killed to obtain meat. Of great importance is that they handed and killed animals to obtain meat. It is logical to argue that even at that Precambrian epoch, other individuals may have realized that animals also underwent pain. With the development and sophistication of mankind, animal domestication began. Humans started appreciating the value of animals. Other animals became of great value to man depending on their utility. Man formed tight bonds with animals like cats, cows and dogs. Those that became too close to man escaped the knife as they were spared. In Europe especially England, the horse was highly regarded and was not slaughtered to provide meat. In India the cow become sacred probably for religious reasons. Early man had a way of respecting animals even if they were being slaughtered. Acts like Halal and Shechita were practiced to demonstrate dignity. It with this understanding of primitive man who started the practice of eating meat that should guide modernity to understand that eating meat is no longer serving its importance. Early man may have started feeding on meat due to food challenges then as agriculture was not as developed as it is today. Farm animals meant for meat are killed by being stunned with electricity and cutting the blood vessels in the neck region. Muslims and Jews slaughter animals without necessarily stunning them. Birds and horses can be killed using the bullet. Other methods could be snaring, hunting and trapping common in less developed parts of the world. While stunning, animals are allowed to bleed when still alive which could be purely a marketing strategy. Meat obtained in this manner is much more superior than meat obtained otherwise. Other animals can be killed by the captive bolt which penetrates the skull destroying the brain tissues. Stunning can also be done using electricity by some slaughter men. Large voltage electricity can be passed across the animals brain tissues. Meat consumers assume that the electricity does not cause any pain in animals prior to death. Most of these slaughter techniques have been shown to instill pain in animals before they die. There is overwhelming evidence that electricity stunning causes pain. Evidence has been drawn from human experience that experience pain when electricity is used to torture them. It has been shown that the large the current the more the pain. It is not very realistic to believe that electric stunning is humane as it has been shown to cause pain in human subjects. Slaughter men in charge of preparing meat for consumption may not really understand the physiological differences between the sensory motor system and the nervous system. It might also not be possible for animals to demonstrate the emotions and violence associated with pain typical in human beings. The belief that the electric chair employed in slaughtering animals is instantaneous and with no pain is absolutely incorrect. Assembly lines used to slaughter may necessitate scalding in water before stunning. It is therefore possible that animals may burn before becoming unconscious. Shechita and Halal are perhaps the greatest manifestation of the pain experienced by animals before being put on the plate to supply mankind with proteins. In these procedures, the animal’s neck is exposed before the jugular and carotid vessels being ripped off by a sharp knife. It is believed from some authorities that these are activities are even sanctioned by various holly books and their practice is therefore justified. It may be possible to give all sorts of explanation for practicing these cruel methods of killing animals, what is really had to dispute is the fact that the animals go through immense pain. Proponents of meat consumption can object to these argument of pain in animals and suggest that there could be more humane ways of slaughtering animals. It might however be possible to come up with any humane way of slaughtering animals as the end point is the premeditated death of animals which might not be a good destiny to the animals. The only realistic remedy is to stop the consumption of meat as it is extremely immoral for humans to subject animals to this kind of pain just because of meat. It may not be possible to exhaustively premise on why there is to morally justification of eating meat neither may it be possible for this text to conclusively give a scientific account of the negative impact of meat on the human body. What is however very apparent is that meat consumption has caused untold suffering to human kind by causing a myriad of health complications. The risk of heart related complications increase with an increase in meat consumption. Research has shown that meat consumers beyond the age of forty have a tenfold risk of being diagnosed with coronary thrombosis than their strict vegetarian counterparts. Heart attack is a direct function of high blood pressure and clogged arteries. Consumption of meat over a long period of time in one’s lifetime causes the buildup of cholesterol in blood vessels. The buildup of cholesterol eventually clogs blood vessels reducing the volumes of blood that can be pumped through the vessels. Cholesterol can be found in beef most meat varieties eaten by human beings. Meat consumption is thus unethical as it subjects human nature to diseases which could have been avoided if humans decided to stop consuming meat. What makes the practice even more irrational is that there is overwhelming scientific evidence that meat consumption reduces human longevity. Counter arguments against this premise that even strict vegetarians who consume high levels of unsaturated fats from foods like French fries also stand a risk of suffering from heart related problems. In as much as the argument can stand, it does not however justify why meat consumption should continue being practiced despite all the evidence pointing towards its dangers. Brain functioning seems to be affected by affected because of protracted meat consumption. Omega-6 is a protein commonly associated with red meat. It has been shown to have a negative impact on brain cells effectively impairing cognitive functioning. It has been suggested that just like cholesterol affects blood flow in the body, its accumulation in the brains may lead to impaired brain functions. The brain may not receive adequate blood supplies. Blood supllies the brain with oxygen and the nutrients required for proper brain functions. Anything that affects blood supply in the brains affects its functioning eventually affecting the way humans’ reason. Gracing land occupies about third of the world’s arable land. Feed crops cover almost a similar land mass meaning that land devoted to meat production occupy reasonable land areas that would have been directly engaged in other activities like crop production, forestry and even human settlement. Animal energy conversion ratios are extremely inefficient. It is irresponsible for humans to depend on animals to be their sources of food. High amounts of feeds are needed to maintain animals for them to produce meat for man. The vegetation being feed on by the animals would rather be left to be converted to fossil fuel which have high energy conversion efficiencies that animals. Jatropha grown for fuel production gives higher energy conversion rates than grass to feed on beef animals (Boadi, et al. , 320). The inefficient land use is happening against a backdrop of diminishing food production rates in globally (Weber, and Matthews, 3508). Developing parts of the world are experiencing incidences of hunger as the land asses cannot support adequate food production to meet the bourgeoning population. The immoral part of this is that developed countries have spared vast tracts of land for ranching and growing feeds. It is possible that if these tracts of land were being used for food production, there is a likely hood that global food problems can be addressed sufficiently. Advances in biotechnology were thought to be great means of tackling food shortages. They have however not been embraced in the developing countries that desperately require them or they might be too expensive to be adopted by the countries that require improvement in food production. It is not farfetched to predict that meat eating is one of the causes of food shortages in the world today as too much land that would have been used for producing cereals is being used to produce animal feeds. Ranching requires huge land areas. It is not surprising to see forests being cleared with the intention of setting up ranches. Ranching induced deforestation is causing the disappearance of some plant species. Anything touching forests directly affects the environment. Global warming is a direct result accumulation of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. Forests are one of the mitigating remedies to global warming. They act as carbon dioxide sinks that maintain their concentrations to a minimum. Meat consumption has a direct impact on the environment as it leads to deforestation that leads to global warming. It is not possible to justify therefore that there is any moral rationale of eating meat when all indications show that meat has all the destructive tendencies. An analysis on animal farming shows that animals emit green house gases in the environment. Though animals may be kept for other products like hides and eggs, most animals are kept to ultimately provide meat after being slaughtered. Anthropogenic emissions like carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and methane are associated with animals. These gases impact negatively on the environment as they cause global warming. Sheep have been shown be the highest emitters of these gases. Meat consumption means that animals have to be raised. Over gracing has been reported in many parts of the world where animal rearing is extensive. Overgrazing causes all sorts of environmental degradation like soil erosion that have devastating impacts on human survival. Farming procedures devoted to food production will put in all systems meant to reduce soil erosion as opposed to activities like ranching and pastoralism geared towards meat production. Supporters of meat consumption however argue that most rangelands and pastoral lands are not suitable for crop farming. It si not however convincing to argue like this as most of this areas can be reclaimed for reasonable crop farming. It also does not make much sense to expose a piece of land to destructive farming practices irrespective of its suitability to crop farming. Eutrophication, water turbidity and increased water temperatures is a common environmental impact of animal rearing. Animal excrete finds its way in water bodies either intentionally or without human intent. Increased amounts of phosphates and nitrates have been shown because animal excreta in water bodies. Increased phosphates and nitrates promote certain species of bacteria to proliferate in the water bodies causing a decrease in the oxygen concentrations. Massive fish deaths have been reported because of reduced oxygen levels that occur as a result of eutrophication (Hecht 45). Proliferation of plant life in water bodies may also disrupt ordinary water activities like fishing and water transport. The water hyacinth that inhabits water bodies with high levels of nitrogen and phosphates is usually a menace to fishing and other water related activities like sports. The Mississippi river has suffered this brand due to pork effluent. The negative impacts of meat consumptions far much outstrip its purported benefits. It is unimaginable to come up with any moral justification to why meat consumption should be permitted. Works Cited